辅助抗菌处方的人工智能（AI）提出了重大的道德问题。利用与AI驱动的系统一起利用道德框架，同时考虑特定的复杂性，可以支持道德决策以应对抗菌抗性。

在医疗保健中使用人工智能（AI）的一个适当的道德框架已成为该技术越来越广泛地部署的关键。人工智能的进步具有提高个人水平上结果预测精度的承诺。然而，与任何复杂的人类相互作用一样，将这些技术添加到患者 - 阵容的相互作用中具有潜在的陷阱。尽管医生一直必须仔细考虑其行为的道德背景和含义，但详细的审议可能并没有跟上。我们在医疗保健互动中使用了一个共同但主要的挑战，披露坏消息（可能即将死亡），以说明杰里米·本瑟姆（Jeremy Bentham）在18世纪开发的“ Felicific Colculus”的哲学框架如何有及时的准Quantitative Quantitative AI时代的应用。我们展示了如何使用这种道德算法来评估七个相互排斥和详尽的领域，是否可以在道德上证明AI支持的作用是合理的。

多价值动作推理系统（MARS）是一种基于自动价值的人工代理（AI）的道德决策模型。鉴于一组可用的行动和基本的道德范式，通过使用火星，可以确定具有道德上首选的行动。它可用于实施和建模不同的道德理论，不同的道德范例，以及在自动实践推理和规范决策分析的背景下的组合。它也可以用来模拟道德困境，并发现导致所需结果的道德范式。在本文中，我们对火星进行了凝结的描述，解释其用途，并将其置于现有文献中。

We argue that the attempt to build morality into machines is subject to what we call the Interpretation problem, whereby any rule we give the machine is open to infinite interpretation in ways that we might morally disapprove of, and that the interpretation problem in Artificial Intelligence is an illustration of Wittgenstein's general claim that no rule can contain the criteria for its own application. Using games as an example, we attempt to define the structure of normative spaces and argue that any rule-following within a normative space is guided by values that are external to that space and which cannot themselves be represented as rules. In light of this problem, we analyse the types of mistakes an artificial moral agent could make and we make suggestions about how to build morality into machines by getting them to interpret the rules we give in accordance with these external values, through explicit moral reasoning and the presence of structured values, the adjustment of causal power assigned to the agent and interaction with human agents, such that the machine develops a virtuous character and the impact of the interpretation problem is minimised.

We study mechanism design with predictions for the obnoxious facility location problem. We present deterministic strategyproof mechanisms that display tradeoffs between robustness and consistency on segments, squares, circles and trees. All these mechanisms are actually group strategyproof, with the exception of the case of squares, where manipulations from coalitions of two agents exist. We prove that these tradeoffs are optimal in the 1-dimensional case.

In this paper we propose new probabilistic and dynamic (adaptive) strategies to create multi-method ensembles based on the Coral Reefs Optimization with Substrate Layers (CRO-SL) algorithm. The CRO-SL is an evolutionary-based ensemble approach, able to combine different search procedures within a single population. In this work we discuss two different probabilistic strategies to improve the algorithm. First, we defined the Probabilistic CRO-SL (PCRO-SL), which substitutes the substrates in the CRO-SL population by {\em tags} associated with each individual. Each tag represents a different operator which will modify the individual in the reproduction phase. In each generation of the algorithm, the tags are randomly assigned to the individuals with a similar probability, obtaining this way an ensemble with a more intense change in the application of different operators to a given individual than the original CRO-SL. The second strategy discussed in this paper is the Dynamical Probabilistic CRO-SL (DPCRO-SL), in which the probability of tag assignment is modified during the evolution of the algorithm, depending on the quality of the solutions generated in each substrate. Thus, the best substrates in the search process will be assigned with a higher probability that those which showed a worse performance during the search. We test the performance of the proposed probabilistic and dynamic ensembles in different optimization problems, including benchmark functions and a real application of wind turbines layout optimization, comparing the results obtained with that of existing algorithms in the literature.

This paper is a technical overview of DeepMind and Google's recent work on reinforcement learning for controlling commercial cooling systems. Building on expertise that began with cooling Google's data centers more efficiently, we recently conducted live experiments on two real-world facilities in partnership with Trane Technologies, a building management system provider. These live experiments had a variety of challenges in areas such as evaluation, learning from offline data, and constraint satisfaction. Our paper describes these challenges in the hope that awareness of them will benefit future applied RL work. We also describe the way we adapted our RL system to deal with these challenges, resulting in energy savings of approximately 9% and 13% respectively at the two live experiment sites.

已经开发了增强学习（RL）技术来优化工业冷却系统，与传统的启发式政策相比，提供了可观的节能。工业控制中的一个主要挑战涉及由于机械限制而在现实世界中可行的学习行为。例如，某些操作只能每隔几个小时执行一次，而其他动作可以更频繁地采取。如果没有广泛的奖励工程和实验，RL代理可能无法学习机械的现实操作。为了解决这个问题，我们使用层次结构的增强学习与多种根据操作时间尺度控制动作子集的代理。我们的分层方法可以在现有基线上节省能源，同时在模拟的HVAC控制环境中保持在安全范围内的限制（例如操作冷却器）。

我们提出了一个混合工业冷却系统模型，该模型将分析解决方案嵌入多物理模拟中。该模型设计用于增强学习（RL）应用程序，并平衡简单性与模拟保真度和解释性。该模型的忠诚度根据大规模冷却系统的现实世界数据进行了评估。接下来是一个案例研究，说明如何将模型用于RL研究。为此，我们开发了一个工业任务套件，该套件允许指定不同的问题设置和复杂性水平，并使用它来评估不同RL算法的性能。

该论文为罗马尼亚语提供了一个开放域的答案系统，回答了Covid-19相关问题。QA系统管道涉及自动问题处理，自动查询生成，Web搜索前10个最相关的文档，并使用用于提取质量质量质量质量质量质量质量的BERT模型回答提取，并在我们手动创建的COVID-19数据集上进行了培训。该论文将介绍质量检查系统及其与罗马尼亚语言技术的集成，COVID-19数据集以及对质量检查性能的不同评估。